Sources and References
1. How healthy are Canadians? An assessment of their health status and health determinants. (2006) Prepared by Canadian Institute for Health Information. http://www.icis.ca/cihiweb/products/summary_rural_canadians_2006_e.pdf
2.Chow CM, Donovan L, Manuel D, Johansen H, Tu JV, for the Canadian Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Team. Regional variation in self-reported heart disease prevalence in Canada. Can J Cardiol 2005;21(14):1265-1271
3.Stats Canada. Canadian Community Health Survey. Cycle 3.1. 2005. http://www.statcan.ca/english/concepts/hs/index.htm
4.Interview with Dr. John Wooton, “New Office to Focus on Rural Health Issues,” Farm Family Health, Vol. 7, No. 1, Spring 1999
5. Manson DJ, and Thornton T. Workshop Summary of the British Columbia Rural and Remote Health Conference, University of Northern British Columbia, 2000
6.Stats Canada. Census 2006. Community Profiles
http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Index.cfm
7. Hughes, R., Nosek, M., & Robinson-Whelen, S. (2007). Correlates of depression and rural women with physical disabilities. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 36(1), 105-114.
8. Probst, J., Laditka, S., Moore, C., Harun, N., Powell, M., & Baxley, E. (2006). Rural-urban differences in depression prevalence: Implications for family medicine. Family Medicine, 38(9), 653-660.
9. Touboul PJ, Labreuche J, Vicaut E, Amarenco P; GENIC Investigators. Carotid intima-media thickness, plaques, and Framingham risk score as independent determinants of stroke risk. Stroke. 2005 Aug; 36(8):1741-5
10. Chalmers ML, Housemann RA, Wiggs I, Newcomb-Hagood L, Malone B, Brownson RC. Process evaluation of a monitoring log system for community coalition activities: five-year results and lessons learned. Am J Health Promot. 2003 Jan-Feb;17(3):190-6.
11.Berra K, Ma J, Klieman L, Hyde S, Monti V, Guardado A, Rivera S, Stafford RS. Implementing cardiac risk-factor case management: lessons learned in a county health system. Crit Pathw Cardiol. 2007 Dec;6(4):173-9.
12.Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J, Bosch J, Davies R, Dagenais G. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jan 20;342(3):145-53
13. Depression raises risk of more cardiac events within weeks of MI, Medical Post, Aug 5, 2008, page 5
14. ICES Report: the impact of not having a primary care physician among people with chronic conditions Ontario Medical Review, July/August 2008, page 21
1 Patients without a family doctor are termed ‘orphan patients’.
2 Other modes inferred are traditional research and community-engaged research. Traditional research is driven by the researcher, usually for personal or academic gain. The research is originated, controlled, organized and managed by the researcher(s) who own the results of their studies and conclusions. Clients and patients are subjects and do not participate in the research in other than interviews, trials and interviews. In community-engaged research, the population is more involved in research as participants in identifying topics and subjects of research in a more interactive mode as research proceeds. Again, researcher(s) own the data, results and conclusions.
In community-participatory (or community-driven or community-based) research, as proposed for Gateway, the population and the researcher(s) identify the problem presented, in this case, the degree to which the rural population is at higher risk for malady, which malad(ies), why, and what treatment modes are available or needed. The population is involved as collaborators and participants, yet the research is done with the same objectivity by researcher(s) as in the traditional mode. Resulting data is shared and disseminated to the benefit of both researcher(s) and the population engaged.
3 A more detailed outline of these initiatives is available on request.
4 CCACs engage health professionals including nurses, physiotherapists, pharmacists and dieticians who actively provide basic health care to rural residents.
5 Two such agencies are the Population Health Research Institute from McMaster University, and the Lawson Research Institute at the University of Western Ontario.
6 More information on this project can be supplied on request.
7 Supporting letters can be provided.
8 See biographies of key personnel and directors.
9 Registered practical nurse
10 As voiced most recently and consistently in Huron East community surveys, Huron Community Matters consultations and the Huron United Way Community Priorities Initiative
